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1.
Kinesiologia ; 42(4): 261-268, 20231215.
Artigo em Espanhol, Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1552531

RESUMO

Introducción. La dismenorrea primaria afecta la calidad de vida de mujeres jóvenes. Este estudio investiga los efectos de un protocolo de ejercicios y educación en dolor mediante telerehabilitación. Objetivo. Determinar los efectos de un protocolo de ejercicios y educación en dolor y su impacto en la calidad de vida mediante tele-rehabilitación en mujeres jóvenes con dismenorrea primaria. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio experimental pre y post test con un grupo control, utilizando tele-rehabilitación. Participaron 21 mujeres jóvenes con dismenorrea primaria, asignadas aleatoriamente a dos grupos: el grupo experimental (10 mujeres) y el grupo control (11 mujeres). Se utilizaron cuestionarios específicos de calidad de vida relacionada con la menstruación y dolor (cuestionario breve de McGill) para evaluar los efectos del programa de ejercicios y educación en dolor. Resultados. En el grupo control, no se observaron diferencias significativas en las puntuaciones de calidad de vida relacionada con la menstruación ni en la intensidad del dolor antes y después de la intervención (p>0,05). En contraste, el grupo experimental experimentó mejoras significativas en ambas áreas después de la intervención (todos los p<0,001). Conclusiones. Este estudio demuestra que un protocolo de ejercicios y educación en dolor realizado mediante telerehabilitación tiene un impacto positivo y significativo en la calidad de vida y la intensidad del dolor percibido en mujeres jóvenes con dismenorrea primaria. Estos resultados sugieren que la telerehabilitación puede ser una estrategia efectiva para abordar este problema de salud en esta población.


Background. Primary dysmenorrhea impacts the quality of life of young women. This study investigates the effects of an exercise and pain education protocol through telerehabilitation. Objective: To determine the effects of an exercise and pain education protocol and its impact on the quality of life through telerehabilitation in young women with primary dysmenorrhea. Methods: A pre and post-test experimental study with a control group was conducted using telerehabilitation. Twenty-one young women with primary dysmenorrhea participated, randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (10 women) and the control group (11 women). Specific questionnaires related to menstruation-related quality of life and pain (McGill short-form questionnaire) were used to assess the effects of the exercise and pain education program. Results: In the control group, no significant differences were observed in menstruation-related quality of life scores or pain intensity before and after the intervention (p>0.05). In contrast, the experimental group experienced significant improvements in both areas after the intervention (all p<0.001). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that an exercise and pain education protocol conducted through telerehabilitation has a positive and significant impact on the perceived quality of life and pain intensity in young women with primary dysmenorrhea. These results suggest that telerehabilitation can be an effective strategy for addressing this health issue in this population.

2.
Rev. esp. geriatr. gerontol. (Ed. impr.) ; 58(5): [e101405], sept.- oct. 2023. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-226125

RESUMO

Antecedentes La tasa de error anti-sacádico (AS) se utiliza como un medio diagnóstico para alteraciones neurológicas. El proceso natural del envejecimiento podría generar dificultad para realizar procesos paralelos neurales de inhibición motora y movimiento ocular consciente. Por lo tanto, si se le impone a una persona mayor el control del balance en posiciones bípedas durante un movimiento AS es esperable un aumento de la tasa de errores AS. Objetivo Estudiar los efectos del control postural sobre la tasa de error AS en un grupo de personas mayores y compararlos con los de un grupo de personas jóvenes. Métodos Se realizó una comparación intra e intergrupal de la tasa de error AS en un grupo experimental de personas mayores (PM) y otro grupo control de personas jóvenes (PJ). Para ello, se utilizaron bloques de movimientos AS y pro-sacádicos (control) aleatoriamente en 4 diferentes posturas: 1)sentado (SENT); 2)de pie normal (NORMAL); 3)pies juntos (REDUC), y 4)pies en línea (TANDEM). Resultados El grupo PM en comparación con el grupo PJ mostró aumento progresivo de la tasa de error AS desde la posición sentado a todas las posiciones de pie, con máxima tasa de error AS en posturas verticales más complejas. Por el contrario, el grupo PJ no presentó variabilidad significativa de la tasa de error AS en todas las posiciones. Conclusiones Se confirma que el proceso de envejecimiento se asocia a un aumento en la tasa de error AS. Este estudio revela por primera vez un aumento significativo en la tasa de error AS cuando se exige control del balance corporal a las PM, implicando una disminución en la capacidad de procesamiento múltiple en PM, para la ejecución de tareas complejas y paralelas (AU)


Background The anti-saccadic (AS) error-rate is used to diagnose neurological disorders. The natural aging process could generate difficulty in carrying out parallel neural processes of conscious motor inhibition and eye movement. Therefore, if balance control is imposed on an elderly person in biped positions during an AS movement, an increase in the AS error-rate is expected. Objective To study the effects of postural control on the AS error-rate in older people. Methods An intra and intergroup comparison was made of AS error-rate in an experimental group of older people (PM) and another control group of young people (PJ). For this, blocks of AS and pro-saccadic movements (control) were used randomly in four different postures: (1)sitting (SENT), (2)standing normally (NORMAL), (3)feet together (REDUC), and (4)feet in line (TANDEM). Results The PM group, compared to the PJ group, showed a progressive increase in the AS error-rate from the sitting position to all standing positions, with the maximum AS error-rate in more complex vertical postures. In contrast, the PJ group did not present significative variability of this AS error-rate in all positions Conclusions It is confirmed that the aging process is associated with an increase in the AS error-rate. This study reveals for the first time a significant increase in the AS error-rate when control of body balance is required for PM, implying a decrease in the multiple processing capacity in PM for the execution of complex and parallel tasks (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Movimentos Sacádicos , Equilíbrio Postural/fisiologia , Eletroculografia , Estudos de Casos e Controles
3.
Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol ; 58(5): 101405, 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37666070

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The anti-saccadic (AS) error-rate is used to diagnose neurological disorders. The natural aging process could generate difficulty in carrying out parallel neural processes of conscious motor inhibition and eye movement. Therefore, if balance control is imposed on an elderly person in biped positions during an AS movement, an increase in the AS error-rate is expected. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of postural control on the AS error-rate in older people. METHODS: An intra and intergroup comparison was made of AS error-rate in an experimental group of older people (PM) and another control group of young people (PJ). For this, blocks of AS and pro-saccadic movements (control) were used randomly in four different postures: (1)sitting (SENT), (2)standing normally (NORMAL), (3)feet together (REDUC), and (4)feet in line (TANDEM). RESULTS: The PM group, compared to the PJ group, showed a progressive increase in the AS error-rate from the sitting position to all standing positions, with the maximum AS error-rate in more complex vertical postures. In contrast, the PJ group did not present significative variability of this AS error-rate in all positions. CONCLUSIONS: It is confirmed that the aging process is associated with an increase in the AS error-rate. This study reveals for the first time a significant increase in the AS error-rate when control of body balance is required for PM, implying a decrease in the multiple processing capacity in PM for the execution of complex and parallel tasks.


Assuntos
Movimento , Movimentos Sacádicos , Humanos , Idoso , Adolescente , Movimento/fisiologia , Postura/fisiologia , Equilíbrio Postural/fisiologia
4.
J. health med. sci. (Print) ; 8(4): 281-287, oct.2022. ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1443275

RESUMO

OBJETIVO Las personas mayores y particularmente las mujeres, son propensas a sufrir traumatismo por caídas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue mejorar la estabilidad y funcionalidad de la pisada en personas mayores, implementando un programa de entrenamiento de musculatura intrínseca del pie, y determinar sus efectos en el riesgo de caída como método de prevención. MATERIALES Y METODOS Participaron 33 personas mayores, de género femenino y autovalentes. En las participantes se evaluó el equilibrio y la velocidad de la marcha con la prueba Time up and Go (TUG), y el equilibrio dinámico se evaluó con la Escala de Tinetti (ET). La intervención constó de enteramiento de tipo short-foot de forma diaria, durante 4 semanas. RESULTADOS los tiempos del TUG disminuyeron de manera progresiva al final de la intervención, lo que indica una optimización en la velocidad de la marcha, por lo que, el entrenamiento tuvo resultados beneficios para la transferencia de carga corporal de una posición sedente a bípedo y de bípedo a marcha. En cambio, para el equilibrio y marcha según ET no se detectó una diferencia significativa. CONCLUSIONES Este entrenamiento presenta una mejoría en el ámbito funcional de cambio de posición, pero no reemplaza el ajuste postural de base de sustentación para mantener el centro de masa en su posición central.


OBJETIVE Seniors, particularly women, are at risk for suffering traumatisms from falls. The objective of this study was to improve the balance and walking functionality of seniors by implementing a program to training the intrinsic muscles of the foot. The impacts of this training on preventing fall risk were assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 33 self sufficient, female seniors participated. Balance and the speed of walking were measured using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, while balance and gait were measured using the Tinetti Balance and Gait Assessment Tool (TT). Intervention consisted in four weeks of daily short foot exercises. RESULTS The TUG test times decreases progressively from the start to the end of the intervention period, indicating an optimization in walking speed. This translates into beneficial results for the transfer of body load from a sedentary to standing to walking position. In contrast, balance and gait evidenced no significant changes per the TT. CONCLUSIONS The implemented training program improved the functional sphere of position change, but this did not replace the postural adjustments needed in the base of support (i.e. the feet) to maintain a well-positioned center of mass


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Força Muscular , Pé/fisiologia , Pronação
5.
J. health med. sci. (Print) ; 8(2): 109-117, abr.-jun. 2022. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1391929

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: Desde la última década se ha evidenciado el aumento de la población de personas mayores en Chile. Muchos de ellos son usuarios regulares del sistema público de salud el cual se caracteriza por entregar una atención de tipo integral. En este sentido, resulta relevante conocer los requerimientos en salud desde la perspectiva de las experiencias de las personas mayores con respecto al uso de este servicio. OBJETIDO: El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las expectativas de las personas mayores que asisten a los centros de APS. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Este es un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, donde la muestra fue de 13 personas mayores de 65 años y más, autovalentes, de tres centros APS, los cuales fueron entrevistados mediante instrumento semiestructurado, con análisis cualitativo de datos método que incluyó codificación abierta y focalizada. RESULTADOS: Las expectativas de las personas mayores fueron categorizadas como requerimiento de una atención profesional integral, oportunidad de atención, accesibilidad de la atención, promoción de salud sobre el autocuidado, explicación de cambios en el envejecimiento con enfoque biológico y alfabetización en salud. CONCLUSIONES: Las expectativas de las personas mayores en este estudio dan cuenta de una atención profesional integral poco efectiva, además de la necesidad de un trato especializado al grupo poblacional específico, no sólo de los profesionales, sino también del personal administrativo de los centros de APS, considerándolos una barrera en la calidad de la atención.


INTRODUCTION: Since the last decade there has been evidence of an increase in the population of older people in Chile. Many of them are regular users of the public health system (PHS) which is characterized by providing comprehensive care. In this sense, it is relevant to know the health requirements from the perspective of the experiences of the older people regarding the use of this health service. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to identify the needs and expectations of older people attending PHS centers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It were a qualitative and descriptive study. The sample was compounded by 13 people over 65 years and over, self-sufficient, from three PHS centers. It was used a semi-structured instrument. RESULTS: The main needs of the elderly were categorized as a requirement for comprehensive professional care, the opportunity for care, accessibility of care, health promotion on self-care, explanation of changes in aging with a biological focus and health literacy. CONCLUSIONS: The needs and expectations of the older people in this study account for an ineffective comprehensive professional care, in addition to the need for specialized treatment of the specific population group, not only of professionals but also of the administrative staff of the centers of PHS, considering them a barrier in the quality of care.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Idoso/psicologia , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde , Percepção , Autocuidado/psicologia , Envelhecimento/psicologia , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Satisfação do Paciente , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Letramento em Saúde , Doenças não Transmissíveis/psicologia
6.
Rev. esp. geriatr. gerontol. (Ed. impr.) ; 55(1): 42-49, ene.-feb. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-196152

RESUMO

El transcurso del envejecimiento altera las etapas del sueño, y las personas mayores que consultan por este problema tienden a recibir tratamiento farmacológico, lo cual a largo plazo causa efectos secundarios y elevados costos en salud. En cambio, la práctica de ejercicio físico pudiese ser una alternativa, la cual tiene efectos multifactoriales, bajo costo y es accesible. Además estos beneficios podrían extrapolarse a la calidad del sueño. Por esto, el objetivo de esta revisión es determinar la dosificación de ejercicio físico a través del principio frecuencia, intensidad, tiempo y tipo de ejercicio y su efecto en la calidad de sueño, insomnio y somnolencia diurna en personas mayores. Esto generaría un cambio de paradigma en el tratamiento de los trastornos del sueño y ser una alternativa en el tratamiento de las personas mayores


The ageing process alters the stages of sleep, and the elderly that have this problem tend to be prescribed pharmacological treatment. This has long term side effects and results in increased health costs. On the other hand, frequent or regular physical exercise could be an overall superior alternative, due to its multifactorial effects. It is also less expensive, thus more affordable and accessible. Furthermore, these benefits could be extrapolated to the quality of sleep. Taking this into account the purpose of this paper is to establish the proper amount of physical exercise using the FITT (frequency, intensity, time, type of exercise) principle, and its effect on the quality of sleep, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness in the elderly. This could lead us to a paradigm shift in the treatment of sleep disorders, and also may constitute an alternative method for treating the elderly


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono/terapia , Distúrbios do Sono por Sonolência Excessiva/terapia , Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Saúde do Idoso
7.
Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol ; 55(1): 42-49, 2020.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31610889

RESUMO

The ageing process alters the stages of sleep, and the elderly that have this problem tend to be prescribed pharmacological treatment. This has long term side effects and results in increased health costs. On the other hand, frequent or regular physical exercise could be an overall superior alternative, due to its multifactorial effects. It is also less expensive, thus more affordable and accessible. Furthermore, these benefits could be extrapolated to the quality of sleep. Taking this into account the purpose of this paper is to establish the proper amount of physical exercise using the FITT (frequency, intensity, time, type of exercise) principle, and its effect on the quality of sleep, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness in the elderly. This could lead us to a paradigm shift in the treatment of sleep disorders, and also may constitute an alternative method for treating the elderly.


Assuntos
Distúrbios do Sono por Sonolência Excessiva/terapia , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono/terapia , Sono/fisiologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Fatores de Tempo
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